Coffee farmers in Costa Rica are vulnerable to a broad spectrum of climate risks, centered on the production risks associated with the cultivation of Coffea arabica due to its climate sensitivity. Climate changes such as shifts in the timing and intensity of precipitation, the increase of extreme temperatures, and the growing number of extreme weather events are threatening C. arabica cultivation and value chains. The impacts of climate change on coffee production systems in Costa Rica are numerous, including impacts on biodiversity, coffee yields, land use, pests and diseases, and management requirements of water, soil, and shade. Beyond production, there are climate risks associated with coffee processing systems, coffee farming communities, and the entire global coffee trade. Boosting the climate resilience of coffee farmers to better manage these risks can include various adaptive techniques such as the diversification of income streams, the diversification of crops and other species in shaded coffee agroforestry systems, and the diversification of (resilient) coffee cultivars. These measures, in combination with several other farm characteristics, have been identified and evaluated based on their proposed contribution to farm-level climate resilience. The resulting Resilience Indicator Index was used to perform a theoretical case study analysis of four coffee farms in the Tarraz ú region of central Costa Rica. It was concluded that, in addition to adaptive measures like improved shade and water management, income diversification, and the use of more climate-resilient coffee cultivars, a key component of climate resilience is related to the farmer’s flexibility and willingness to innovate.