Within infectious human diseases, urinary tract infections have become a global problem nowadays. Occurrence of urinary tract infections itself is more common in women and persons with higher risk of treatment failure (diabetes, pregnancy, etc.). Frequency of urinary tract infections is related to age. Most common pathogens of urinary tract are uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus spp., Staphylococcus aureus i Candida spp. Lactic acid bacteria (LAB) bacteriocins are heterogeneous group of bioactive antimicrobial proteins that have inhibitory activity against many microbial species and do not cause resistance. Therefore, in the field of medicine there has been great interest in bacteriocins which are already widely used in the food industry as preservatives. The interest in LAB bacteriocins in the field of medicine stemmed from the alarming increase in the resistance of pathogenic bacteria to most of the antibiotics known today and their harmful effects on the human body. The increase in bacterial resistance to antibiotics reduces the effectiveness of the therapy itself in the treatment of urinary tract infections, therefore it is necessary to find an alternative to antibiotics. Despite the widespread use of LAB bacteriocins in the food industry, due to rigorous legislation, their use in medicine is generally limited.