| Abstract | Cilj rada je opisati vanjski (engl. outdoor) i unutarnji (engl. indoor) uzgoj industrijske konoplje za proizvodnju cvata s visokim sadržajem kanabidiola (CBD) te prikazati asortiman i karakteristike proizvoda na bazi CBD-a. Kanabidiol je jedan od 113 kanabinoida konoplje koji se sintetizira u cvatu biljke i nije psihoaktivan.
U vanjskom uzgoju konoplje na polju preporuča se rjeđi sklop kako bi biljka formirala veći broj grana na kojima se razvija cvat. Tehnologiju proizvodnje konoplje za cvat treba prilagoditi sorti, korištenom repromaterijalu (sjeme ili presadnice) te dostupnoj mehanizaciji. U uvjetima suše vrlo učinkovita mjera je navodnjavanje. Obavezna mjera njege je uklanjanje svih muških biljaka iz usjeva prije cvatnje. Prinos cvata najviše ovisi o sorti, roku sjetve/sadnje i gnojidbi.
Za unutarnji uzgoj konoplje potrebni su posebni uvjeti i određena oprema. Implementacija ovakvog proizvodnog sustava moguća je samo u potpuno zatvorenim prostorima u kojima su svi uvjeti za uzgoj konoplje pod strogom kontrolom. To se odnosi na izvor i količinu svijetlosti, temperaturu zraka, vlažnost zraka, režim navodnjavanja i gnojidbe te prisutnost ugljikovog dioksida. Unutarnji uzgoj omogućava brži rast biljaka, a kontroliranjem uvjeta kontrolira se i kvaliteta proizvoda.
Od cvata konoplje proizvodi se CBD ulje, CBD pasta, CBD ulje s terpenima, suhi cvat konoplje, čaj od cvata konoplje te razni kozmetički proizvodi na bazi CBD ulja. CBD ulje je vrlo cijenjen proizvod, a koristi se u terapeutske i terapijske svrhe. Proizvodi koji sadrže CBD ulje često se prodaju kao dodaci prehrani, a reklamiraju se kao oblik prirodnog samoliječenja. |
| Abstract (english) | The objective of this study is to elucidate the methods and techniques employed in the cultivation of industrial hemp for the purpose of producing CBD-rich flowers, both through outdoor and indoor cultivation practices. Furthermore, it aims to present a comprehensive overview of the assortment and distinctive characteristics of CBD-based products. Cannabidiol is one of the 113 cannabinoids synthesized in the flower of the hemp plant and is non-psychoactive.
In outdoor hemp cultivation, a wider plant spacing is recommended to facilitate the development of a greater number of branches, which in turn promote flower formation. The production technology for flowering hemp should be carefully adjusted based on the specific variety, the chosen planting material (seeds or seedlings), and the available mechanization. In drought conditions, irrigation proves to be a highly effective measure. An essential measure of care involves the removal of all male plants from the crop prior to flowering. The yield of flowers is primarily dependent by factors such as the variety, the timing of sowing/planting, and fertilization practices.
The indoor cultivation of hemp requires specialized environmental conditions and specific equipment. The successful implementation of such a production system is contingent upon fully enclosed spaces where all aspects of hemp cultivation are strictly controlled. This includes the regulation of light source and intensity, air temperature, humidity, irrigation, and fertilization regimes, as well as carbon dioxide concentration. Indoor cultivation facilitates accelerated plant growth, while meticulous control over environmental variables ensures the optimal quality of the final product.
Hemp flowers are processed to produce CBD oil, CBD paste, CBD oil with terpenes, dried hemp flowers, hemp flower tea, and various cosmetic products infused with CBD oil. CBD oil, a highly esteemed product, is utilized for therapeutic purposes. Products containing CBD oil are frequently marketed as dietary supplements, emphasizing their potential as a natural form of self-treatment. |
