Title Evidence for links between schizophrenia and gluten-related disorders Title (croatian) Dokazi povezanosti šizofrenije i poremećaja izazvanih glutenskom prehranom Author Lana Anet Zuber Mentor Nicholas James Bradshaw (mentor) Committee member Antonija Jurak Begonja (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Elitza Petkova Markova-Car (član povjerenstva) Committee member Nicholas James Bradshaw (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2019-09-16, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOTECHNICAL SCIENCES Abstract Gluten-related disorders affect all functional systems of the human body.
So far more than twenty-five diseases and syndromes have been linked to
gluten-related nutrition, including mental illnesses such as depression and
anxiety. The main aim of this thesis was a review of literature linking
schizophrenic symptoms, including schizophrenia itself, to a spectrum of
gluten-related disorders. Because of the rarity of the target diseases, the
main approach to linking the two are clinical cases and biological studies,
through population-wide studies is not available.
The human body is not capable of fully digesting gluten. In the process of
partial break-down of gluten, gliadin exorphins are made. Individuals
suffering from gluten-related disorders, if not on gluten-free diet, have
increased permeability of the intestinal wall. This syndrome is also called
Leaky gut syndrome. Increased permeability is caused by the protein
zonulin whose levels increase after gluten ingestion in individuals suffering
from gluten-related disorders. In healthy individuals this autoimmune
reaction goes unnoticed or is not present. Symptoms following the reaction
are chronic, and last, as long the gluten is present in the body what can be
from couple of days to a couple of years. Most common symptoms are
malnutrition, low energy levels, fatigue, bloating, stomach pains.
This literature review focuses on gluten-related disorders with non-specific
neurological symptoms such as depressive symptoms, hallucinations,
apathy, lack of concentration, “foggy mind”, headaches, irritability, sleep
abnormalities or behavioural alternations. A possible explanation behind
those is the theory of gliadin exorphins, toxic peptides, that by passing
through the body from the gastrointestinal tract to the brain are causing
non-specific neurological symptoms. Even though there are some possible
mechanisms explaining this neurological manifestation of gluten-related
disorders, more research is needed to form definite conclusions.
Abstract (croatian) Poremećaji izazvani glutenskom prehranom utječu na sve funkcionalne
sustave ljudskog tijela. Do sada je prepoznato više od dvadeset i pet bolesti
i sindroma koji su povezani s glutenskom prehranom, uključujući mentalne
bolesti poput depresije i anksioznosti. Glavni je cilj ovog rada pregled
literature koja prikazuje simptome šizofrenije i povezuje šizofreniju sa
spektrom poremećaja izazvanih glutenskom prehranom. Zbog rijetkosti
ovih bolesti, osnovne su metode dokazivanje njihove povezanosti klinički
slučajevi i laboratorijska istraživanja, dok populacijske studije nisu
dostupne.
Ljudsko tijelo nije sposobno u potpunosti probaviti gluten. U procesu
djelomične razgradnje glutena stvaraju se gliadinski egzorfini. Ako
pojedinci koji pate od poremećaja izazvanih glutenskom prehranom nisu na
dijeti bez glutena, oni imaju povećanu propusnost crijevne stijenke. Ovaj
se sindrom naziva i Sindromom propusnog crijeva. Povećana propusnost
uzrokovana je proteinom zonulinom, čija se razina povećava nakon unosa
glutena kod osoba koje pate od poremećaja izazvanih glutenskom
prehranom. Kod zdravih pojedinaca ova autoimuna reakcija prolazi
nezapaženo ili je nema. Simptomi koji se javljaju nakon reakcije kronični
su i traju toliko dugo koliko je gluten prisutan u tijelu – od nekoliko dana
do nekoliko godina. Najčešći simptomi su pothranjenost, niska razina
energije, umor, natečenost, bolovi u želucu.
Ovaj pregled literature usredotočuje se na poremećaje izazvane
glutenskom prehranom s nespecifičnim neurološkim simptomima kao što
su depresivni simptomi, halucinacije, apatija, nedostatak koncentracije,
„maglovit um”, glavobolja, razdražljivost, poremećaji spavanja ili promjene
ponašanja. Mogući su uzročnici gliadinski egzorfini, toksični peptidi koji
prolaskom kroz tijelo iz gastrointestinalnog trakta u mozak uzrokuju
nespecifične neurološke simptome.
Iako postoje neki mogući mehanizmi koji objašnjavaju ovu neurološku
manifestaciju poremećaja izazvanih glutenskom prehranom, za donošenje
čvrstih zaključaka potrebno je više istraživanja.
Keywords
Gluten-related disorders
Celiac disease
Schizophrenia
Zonulin
Gliadin exorphins
Dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP IV)
Keywords (croatian)
Poremećaji izazvani glutenskom prehranom
Celijakija
Šizofrenija
Zonulin
Gliadinski egzorfini
Dipeptidil peptidaza IV (DPP IV)
Language english URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:193:488527 Study programme Title: Biotechnology and drug research Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Repository Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Biotechnology and Drug Development Created on 2019-09-16 19:56:23
