This master's thesis will point out the importance of introducing project controlling in project management in order to achieve project objectives and efficient project management, especially in case of multi project management. The subject is shown taking the example of EU projects, but the topic is generally applicable to non-profit projects since EU projects are basically non-profit projects. Development of project controlling has been preceded by the development of controlling itself, as a professional support to management in order to increase business efficiency. Therefore, the first part of the thesis will provide insight to the historical development of controlling, which has gone through several stages and today the dominant controlling role is its management role, carried out by coordination and integration activities, connecting all management functions and target directing the company's business. This fact implies that management and controlling should be in partnership and complement one another. The connection between controlling and other related business functions will be described, emphasizing their differences as well as reasons why controlling should not be confused with related business functions. Strategic and operational aspect of controlling will be described, as well as possible organizational solutions to introduce controlling in the company. As introduction to project controlling, the terms of project and project management will first be defined and later on related to controlling in project management, showing how project controlling helps project management, directing it to results and making it more efficient. The theoretical knowledge is further on applied to the example of non-profit projects, namely the EU projects. Explaining project controlling through the example of EU projects has been chosen taking into account that EU project’s management is rather time consuming, administratively complex and subject to strict controls on many levels. EU projects must, in addition to results, ensure full transparency of public fund’s spending. This is why the implementation of project controlling will prove to be a necessity in implementation of a successful, goal-oriented and efficient project management.