| Abstract | Namjera ovog rada jest interdisciplinarnim pristupom, kroz znanstvena područja sociologije subkultura, urbane sociologije i urbanizma, prikazati određene sociološko-urbanističke fenomene na primjeru skate subkulture. U prikupljanju podataka korištene su kvalitativne metode – polustrukturirani intervjui sa zagrebačkim i splitskim skaterima, potom sa stručnjacima iz relevantnih znanstvenih polja, a uzorkovanje sugovornika napravljeno je pomoću prigodnog uzorka i metode snježne grude. Osim toga, upotrijebljena je analiza relevantne literature, analiza sadržaja (mrežni portali, dokumentarni film, fotografije) i analiza prostornih podataka (Geoportal). Općenito, procesi subkulturalizacije događaju se u urbanim okvirima, a javni prostori kao dijelovi gradskog tkiva postaju ključne lokacije za subkulturne procedure. Neke od važnijih odrednica urbanih javnih prostora su inkluzivnost i multifunkcionalnost, međutim, zbog urbanih odnosa moći i top-down pristupa često se javlja problem realizacije homogenih i ekskluzivni javnih prostora. Za aktere skate subkulture, osim korištenja institucionaliziranih skate parkova, uobičajeni su urbani rituali, odnosno reinterpretacija urbanih elemenata i dijelova arhitekture, aproprijacija javnih prostora te DIY prakse, a u tom kontekstu dolazi do stvaranja određenih identitetskih mjesta skatera („Mimara“, „Džamija“, „Đardin“, „Koteks“). Pripadnici skate subkulture tako postaju nositelji dekonstrukcije dominantnog urbanog diskursa i standardiziranih aktivnosti u javnim prostorima zbog čega ih se često svrstava u devijantne skupine. Suprotno teoriji devijantnosti, zadnjih se godina u europskim i svjetskim gradovima razvija koncept „skate urbanizma“ čiji se ciljevi temelje na kombinaciji bottom-up i top-down pristupa, a posljedica toga jest legitimno i legalno korištenje javnih prostora od strane subkulturne zajednice skatera. U istraživanju skate subkulture u Zagrebu i Splitu također su vidljivi neki spomenuti fenomeni, a splitski skateri zadovoljniji su trenutačnim stanjem svoje subkulture u odnosu na zagrebačke skatere. |
| Abstract (english) | The intention of this paper is to present certain socio-urban phenomena on the example of skate subculture through an interdisciplinary approach, through the scientific fields of sociology of subcultures, urban sociology and urbanism. Qualitative methods were used in data collection - semi-structured interviews with Zagreb and Split skaters, then with experts from relevant scientific fields, and sampling of interlocutors was done using a suitable sample and the snowball method. In addition, analysis of relevant literature, content analysis (web portals, documentary, photographs) and spatial data analysis (Geoportal) were used. In general, subculturalization processes take place within urban settings, and public spaces as parts of the urban fabric become key locations for subcultural procedures. Some of the more important determinants of urban public spaces are inclusiveness and multifunctionality, however, due to urban power relations and top-down approach, the problem of realization of homogeneous and exclusive public spaces often arises. For skate subculture actors, in addition to the use of institutionalized skate parks, urban rituals are common, ie reinterpretation of urban elements and parts of architecture, appropriation of public spaces and DIY practices, and in this context the creation of certain skater identity places ("Mimara", "Džamija", "Đardin", "Koteks"). Members of the skate subculture thus become the bearers of the deconstruction of the dominant urban discourse and standardized activities in public spaces, which is why they are often classified as deviant groups. Contrary to the theory of deviance, the concept of "skate urbanism" has been developing in recent years in world and European cities, the goals of which are based on a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches, resulting in legitimate and legal use of public spaces by a subcultural skater community. The research of the skate subculture in Zagreb and Split also shows some of the mentioned phenomena, and Split skaters are more satisfied with the current state of their subculture compared to Zagreb skaters. |
