| Abstract | Alkoholizam se odnosi na svaku konzumaciju alkohola koja negativno utječe na psihičko i fizičko zdravlje pojedinca. Kronična je i recidivirajuća bolest, sve češća u mlađoj populaciji. Poznati komorbiditet alkoholu je depresija. Depresija je sekundarno stanje, odnosno posljedica alkoholizma. Zlouporaba alkohola je povezana s težom kliničkom slike depresije.
Cilj rada je ispitati učestalost depresije kao komorbiditeta u osoba koje se liječe radi ovisnosti o alkoholu, te ispitati odnos komorbiditeta i sociodemografskih obilježja (spol, dob, obrazovanje) i korištenih mjera liječenja (broj hospitalizacija, dnevno bolničkih tretmana, ambulantnih pregleda).
Ispitanici i metode: u istraživanju je sudjelovalo 481 ispitanika, bolesnici hospitalizirani na Klinici za psihijatriju KBC Rijeka. Metoda istraživanja je retrospektivna. Prikupljeni podaci su uključivali dob, spol, radni status, komorbidne psihijatrijske dijagnoze, učestalost hospitalizacija i ambulantnih pregleda. Analiza podataka napravljena je za 445 osoba s nekom od dijagnoza iz spektra alkoholizma, u rasponu od F10.0 do F10.7. Raspon dobi ispitanika je između 23 i 83 godine, a prosječna dob ispitanika je 54,6 godina.
Rezultati: Bolničko liječenje prisutno je kod 34,3% muškaraca i 40% žena. Prisustvo bolničkog liječenja ne razlikuje se statistički značajno s obzirom na spol (2= 0,919, p=0,338). Svaka druga žena (51,2%) ima barem jedan dolazak u dnevno-bolnički program u odnosu na svakog trećeg muškarca (35%) (2= 7,365, p=0,007). Žene imaju statistički značajno veći broj dolazaka u dnevno-bolničke programe u odnosu na muškarce (1887,5, p=0,008). Najučestalija dijagnoza je dijagnoza srednje teške depresivne epizode koja je prisutna kod 41,8% bolesnika. Slijedi ju dijagnoza srednje teške epizode povratnog depresivnog poremećaja koja je prisutna kod 34,5% bolesnika, te blaga depresivna epizoda kod 9,2% bolesnika.
Zaključak: na temelju dobivenih rezultata se može zaključiti da je depresija kao komorbiditet alkoholizmu češća kod žena nego kod muškaraca. Ispitanici koji imaju depresiju u komorbiditetu s alkoholizmom ne razlikuju se prema dobi, te obrazovnom i radnom statusu u odnosu na ispitanike bez depresije u komorbiditetu. Žene s dijagnozom depresivnog poremećaja imaju zabilježeno više dolazaka u dnevno – bolničke programe u odnosu na muškarce |
| Abstract (english) | Alcoholism refers to any consumption of alcohol that adversely affects the mental and physical health of an individual. It is a chronic and recurrent disease, increasingly common in the younger population. A known comorbidity of alcohol is depression. Depression is a secondary condition, or a consequence of alcoholism. Alcohol abuse is associated with a more severe clinical picture of depression.
The aim of this study was to examine the incidence of depression as a comorbidity in persons treated for alcohol dependence, and to examine the relationship between comorbidity and sociodemographic characteristics (gender, age, education) and treatment measures used (number of hospitalizations, daily hospitalizations, outpatient examinations).
Subjects and methods: 481 subjects participated in the study, patients hospitalized at the Clinic for Psychiatry, University Hospital Center Rijeka. The research method is retrospective. Data collected included age, gender, employment status, comorbid psychiatric diagnoses, frequency of hospitalizations, and outpatient examinations. Data analysis was performed for 445 individuals with any of the diagnoses from the alcoholism spectrum, ranging from F10.0 to F10.7. The age range of the respondents is between 23 and 83 years, and the average age of the respondents is 54.6 years.
The results: Hospital treatment is present in 34.3% of men and 40% of women. The presence of hospital treatment did not differ statistically significantly with respect to gender (2 = 0.919, p = 0.338). Every second woman (51.2%) has at least one visit to the day-hospital program compared to every third man (35%) (2 = 7.365, p = 0.007). Women have a statistically significantly higher number of arrivals in day-hospital programs compared to men (1887.5, p = 0.008). The most common diagnosis is the diagnosis of moderate depressive episode, which is present in 41.8% patients. It is followed by a diagnosis of moderate episode of recurrent depression which is present in 34.5% patients, and mild depressive episode in 9.2% patients.
Conclusion: based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that depression as a comorbidity to alcoholism is more common in women than in men. Subjects who have depression in comorbidity with alcoholism do not differ according to age, and educational and work status compared to subjects without depression in comorbidity. Women diagnosed with depressive disorder have more visits to day-hospital programs than men. |
