Headaches can be divided by aetiology into primary and secondary headaches. They present themselves as pain in any part of the head including the face, scalp and cranial interior. Primary headaches are independent diseases and among them we differentiate migraine, tension type headache and trigeminal autonomic cephalgias. Anamnesis is the most important part of the diagnosis. Migraine is the most prevalent one, key features are unilateral location, pulsating quality, moderate or severe intensity, and frequent occurance with nausea, photophobia and phonophobia. Tension type headache usually starts in youth, it is characterized by a mild to moderate headache, quality of pain is pressing and tightening, and it is typically bilateral. Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias are a group of rare primary headache syndromes that include „cluster“ headache, paroxysmal hemicrania, SUNCT and SUNA. They are characterized by attacks of severe unilateral orbital, periorbital, or temporal pain, with associated ipsilateral cranial autonomic symptoms, such as conjunctival injection, lacrimation, rhinorrhoea, eyelid oedema, and ptosis. The difference between the syndromes is in duration and frequency of attacks. Treatment of all headaches can be acute symptomatic focused on reduction and elimination of the pain, and prophylactic whose purpose is to reduce the frequency of attacks