Shaken Baby Syndrome is a dangerous condition in a child being exposed to rapid acceleration, deceleration or rotational force caused by shaking, with or without an additional impact, characterized by the presence of subdural hemorrhage, retinal hemorrhages and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, especially when there is no evidence of the mechanism of injuries. Initially, it was considered that shaking a child leads to the rupture of bridging veins and the emergence of bilateral subdural hemorrhage, as well as to the consequent development of retinal bleeding, however recent studies are favor the hypoxic ischemic mechanism of injury. Shaking is usually triggered by the anger of a parent or a guardian due to child's intolerable and inconsolable crying. A typical victim of Shaken Baby Syndrome is a male infant, usually younger than six months. Incidence is not related to race, gender, socioeconomic status or education and risk factors are still being investigated. The symptoms with which the child is presented are most often not specific, therefore, it is very important that the clinical characteristics of Shaken Baby Syndrome are recognized by the healthcare professionals. Even though traces of injuries caused by impact or shaking are searched for during examination of the child, there have been cases of death or serious consequences in children who were not initially presented with visible external injuries. Detailed medical diagnostics, treatment and rehabilitation of the victims of Shaken Baby Syndrome are a major burden to the health care system, caregivers and society if they are not recognized in time. Given that Shaken Baby Syndrome is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in infants, it is extremely important to sensitize and educate medical staff and the public in general about the problem of Shaken Baby Syndrome, as well as to conduct preventive educational program.