Title Značenje mikroRNA u razvoju kronične bubrežne bolesti Title (english) Significance of microRNA in development of chronic kidney disease Author Anja Ivošević Mentor Ingrid Prkačin (mentor)Committee member Nikolina Bašić Jukić (predsjednik povjerenstva)Committee member Ljiljana Šerman (član povjerenstva)Committee member Ingrid Prkačin (član povjerenstva)Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2018-07-13, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Kronična bubrežna bolest jedan je od najčešćih uzroka morbiditeta i mortaliteta danas u svijetu. Postoji čitav spektar etioloških faktora koji mogu biti povezani s kroničnom bubrežnom bolesti, od kojih većina predstavlja značajan javnozdravstveni problem, primjerice dijabetes mellitus i hipertenzija. Drugi, manje značajni uzroci su lupusni nefritis i drugi glomerulonefritisi te policistična bolest bubrega. Neovisno o uzroku, neliječena kronična bubrežna bolest dovodi do terminalne bubrežne bolesti i potrebe za dijalizom ili transplantacijom. MikroRNA (miRNA) su jednolančane nekodirajuće RNA molekule građene od 21-25 nukleotida koje posreduju posttranslacijsku regulaciju gena. Preko tisuću različitih miRNA kodirano je ljudskim genomom. Može ih se pronaći u raznovrsnim tkivima, a u različitim tkivima različito su eksprimirane. Posljednjih godina za miRNA se pokazalo da su uključene u različite biološke procese poput diferencijacije, proliferacije i apoptoze stanica. Prikazana je uloga miRNA kao ključnih igrača u patogenezi brojnih bolesti u čovjeka, primjerice neoplazmi, zatajenja srca, dijabetesa, debljine, zaraznih bolesti te genetskih poremećaja. Brojni dokazi govore u prilog značaju miRNA u razvoju bubrega i uredne bubrežne funkcije. Stoga nije nimalo iznenađujuće da se poremećaj regulacije miRNA može uočiti u različitim bubrežnim bolestima. Otkriće da cirkulirajuće miRNA mogu biti detektirane u serumu i plazmi te da je njihova ekspresija može varirati zbog bolesti predstavlja značajan potencijal njihove uporabe kao biomarkera prevencije i dijagnoze bubrežnih bolesti. Pored toga, terapija temeljena na miRNA može djelovati ili obnavljanjem njihove funkcije ili blokiranjem njihove ekspresije i aktivnosti vrlo je atraktivna, ali nije još u potpunosti razvijena. Unatoč brzoj progresiji u otkrivanju miRNA i njihove uloge u raznovrsnim bubrežnim bolestima, patofiziologija i klinički značaj miRNA molekula je još uvijek nedostatno razjašnjen.
Abstract (english) Chronic kidney disease is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality in the world today. There is a whole spectrum of etiological factors that can be linked with chronic kidney disease, most of which are important public health problems, for example diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Other, less significant causes are lupus nephritis and other glomerulonephritis, as well as polycystic kidney disease. Regardless of the cause, chronic kidney disease, if untreated, leads to end-stage renal disease, requiring either dialysis or transplantation. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are short non-coding single-stranded 21-25 nucleotide RNA molecules that mediate posttranscriptional gene regulation. Over a thousand different miRNAs are known to be encoded by the human genome. They are found in various tissues with variable expression. In recent years miRNAs have been shown to be involved in a variety of biological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation and apoptosis. MiRNAs have emerged as key players in the pathogenesis of numerous human diseases, such as cancer, heart failure, diabetes, obesity, infectious diseases and even genetic disorders. There is evidence suggesting that miRNAs are important in kidney development and essential for normal kidney function. Thus, it is not surprising that miRNA dysregulation has been observed in kidney disease. The discovery that circulating miRNAs are detectable in serum and plasma and that their expression varies as a result of the disease, presents great potential to be used as biomarkers in kidney disease prevention and diagnosis. Moreover, a miRNA-based therapy that either restores or blocks miRNA expression and activity is very attractive but not yet fully developed. Despite rapid progress in discovering miRNAs and their roles in various kidney diseases, we still have a long way to go in our understanding of miRNA pathophysiology and clinical significance.
Keywords
miRNA
kronična bubrežna bolest
epigenetika
biomarker
Keywords (english)
miRNA
chronic kidney disease
epigenetics
biomarkers
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:534496 Study programme Title: Medicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Repository Dr Med - University of Zagreb School of Medicine Digital Repository Created on 2019-01-03 13:28:35
