Title Pristup dojenčetu koje slabo napreduje na tjelesnoj masi Title (english) Approach to an infant with failure to thrive Author Josipa Žigrović Mentor Danijela Petković-Ramadža (mentor) Committee member Irena Senečić-Čala (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Marija Jelušić (član povjerenstva) Committee member Danijela Petković-Ramadža (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Zagreb Defense date and country 2024-07-12, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Slabo napredovanje na tjelesnoj masi u dojenčadi podrazumijeva neadekvatan prirast tjelesne mase kod djece u prvoj godini života. Uzroci ovog stanja mogu biti raznoliki, uključujući nedostatan unos kalorija, malapsorpciju hranjivih tvari i povećane sistemske kalorijske potrebe zbog različitih medicinskih stanja. Uzroci mogu biti neorganski kao primjerice poteškoće pri dojenju, psihosocijalni i obiteljski uzroci ili organski, kada je u podlozi slabog napredovanja određena bolest. Organske bolesti koje mogu dovesti do neadekvatnog kalorijskog unosa uključuju bolesti središnjeg živčanog sustava, poremećaje gutanja, gastroezofagealnu refluksnu bolest (GERB) i druga stanja. Bolesti povezane s maldigestijom i malapsorpcijom, poput kroničnog proljeva, celijakije i nutritivnih alergija, također značajno utječu na rast i razvoj djece. Povećane sistemske kalorijske potrebe mogu biti uzrokovane stanjima poput tubulopatija, metaboličkih bolesti ili kongenitalnih srčanih bolesti. Dijagnostika slabog napredovanja na tjelesnoj masi obuhvaća detaljnu anamnezu, klinički pregled te laboratorijske pretrage koje pomažu u identificiranju osnovnog uzroka. Dodatne dijagnostičke metode, kao što su endoskopske pretrage, slikovna dijagnostika i specifični testovi apsorpcije, mogu biti potrebne za precizniju dijagnozu. Liječenje slabog napredovanja na tjelesnoj masi zahtjeva multidisciplinarni pristup. Nutritivna potpora uključuje osiguranje adekvatnog unosa makronutrijenata i mikronutrijenata, prilagođenog specifičnim potrebama svakog djeteta. U slučajevima organskih poremećaja, potrebna je i odgovarajuća medicinska intervencija, poput kirurških zahvata kod stenoze pilorusa i srčanih grešaka, terapije lijekovima ili restrikcije unosa nekih namirnica u metaboličkim bolestima. Praćenje prirasta na tjelesnoj masi i rasta djeteta ključno je za procjenu učinkovitosti terapije i prilagodbu plana liječenja. Edukacija roditelja i skrbnika o važnosti pravilne prehrane i redovitog praćenja razvoja djeteta također ima vrlo važnu ulogu u uspješnom rješavanju ovog relativno čestog problema dojenačke dobi.
Abstract (english) Failure to thrive (FTT) in infants during their first year of life refers to inadequate weight gain. The causes of this condition are different and include inadequate caloric intake, malabsorption of nutrients, and increased systemic caloric needs due to various medical conditions. The causes can be non-organic, such as breastfeeding difficulties, psychosocial and family factors, or organic, meaning that an underlying disease affects growth. Organic diseases that can lead to inadequate caloric intake include central nervous system disorders, swallowing disorders, gastroesophageal reflux disease and other conditions. Diseases associated with maldigestion and malabsorption, such as chronic diarrhea, celiac disease and nutritional allergies, also significantly impact the growth and development of children. Increased systemic caloric needs can be due to conditions such as tubulopathies, metabolic diseases or congenital heart diseases. The diagnosis of FTT includes a detailed medical history, clinical examination, and laboratory tests to help identify the underlying cause. Additional diagnostic methods, such as endoscopic examinations, imaging diagnostics, and specific absorption tests, may be necessary for a more precise diagnosis. The treatment of FTT requires a multidisciplinary approach. Nutritional support involves ensuring adequate intake of macronutrients and micronutrients, tailored to the specific needs of each child. In cases of organic disorders, appropriate medical intervention is necessary, such as surgical procedures for pyloric stenosis and heart defects, medication therapy or dietary restrictions for certain metabolic diseases. Monitoring progress in weight gain and growth is crucial for assessing the effectiveness of therapy and adjusting the treatment plan. Educating parents and caregivers about the importance of proper nutrition and regular monitoring of the child's development also plays significant role in successfully managing FTT.
Keywords
slabo napredovanje na masi
dojenče
tjelesna masa
nutritivna potpora
Keywords (english)
failure to thrive
infant
body weight
nutritional support
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:105:062177 Study programme Title: Medicine Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Repository Dr Med - University of Zagreb School of Medicine Digital Repository Created on 2024-07-02 12:34:47
