The thesis deals with the analysis of social and political processes during the period of Italian fascism in a small municipality of Buzet in northern Istria. Local circumstances, like ethnic and social structure of population, significantly affected the attitude of the new regime towards the local population and society. Because of that, it is very interesting to see how the great turning points of history, WWI, WWII and the emergence of fascism, reflected the lives of so called common people who lived in small communities far away from centers and holders of new political, social and economic changes. The first part of the research contains the description of the situation in Buzet after the Great War. While observing the events that took place during political elections in the early twenties when Italy was not yet involved in the fascist dictatorship, one can clearly identify forms of violent actions that were used by Italian fascists. The first part will be followed by a review of the conflict that rocked the municipal political structures for several years and paralyzed any progress in that period. A greater review of the economic situation is given in the analysis of the thirties. They brought an economic improvement through large infrastructural projects like the construction of Istrian aqueduct, failing at the same time to stop the deterioration of the Istrian countryside. The final part of the work reveals the end of the Fascist era until the capitulation of Italy in the World War II, when the first cores of antifascist resistance, that eventually lead to a new historical turning point, have already been active in Buzet.