| Abstract | Korištenje epidemioloških postupaka za otkrivanje i kontrolu zoonoza vaţan je ĉimbenik u podruĉju javnog zdravstva. Postoje zoonoze koje se sustavno ne kontroliraju i o kojima nema toĉnih podataka o rasprostranjenosti, a predstavljaju opasnost po ljudsko zdravlje. Takve zoonoze su:granulocitna analplazmoza, borelioza, erlihioza i srĉana dirofilarioza. Uzorci krvi skupljeni su od 29 asimptomatskih pasa tijekom 2015 godine na podruĉju Istre te su testirani SNAP® 4Dx® Plus skrining testom i modificiranim Knottovim testom. Od 29 pregledanih pasa modificiranim Knottovim testom dirofiralija je naĊena kod 15 (52%) pasa, a SNAP® 4Dx® Plus skrining testom Dirofilaria immitis ustanovljena je u 6 (21%) pasa. D. immitis je zastupljena u 40% od ukupno pozitivnih pasa.Analiza riziĉnih ĉimbenika kao što su pasmina, spol, dob, naĉin drţanja pasa, njihova namjena i kontakt pasa s okolišem ukazuje da ne postoji znaĉajna razlika u pojavi dirofilarije izmeĊu pasmina, spola i dobiali je statistiĉki znaĉajna razlika naĊena s obzirom na drţanje pasa i njegovu namjenu. Statistiĉki znaĉajna razlika ustanovljena je izmeĊu pasa koji se koriste kao psi tartufari i kao lovaĉki psi. Prevalencija u pasa tartufara 2,75 (CI 95% od 1,78 % do 6,41 %) puta je veća nego prevalencija u lovaĉkih pasa. TakoĊer, izloţenost dirofilariozi kod pasa tartufara je 12,7 (CI 95% od 1,8 do 83,77) puta veća nego kod lovaĉkih pasa (P˂0,05). Pokazalo se da bez obzira na namjenu pasa, izloţenost pasa prema dirofilariozi u zapadnoj Istri veća je ukoliko psi borave na otvorenom prostoru kroz duţe vrijeme. UsporeĊujući skupine pasa ustanovljeno je da je prevalencija D. immitis u pasa koji borave 24 sata na otvorenom prostoru 4,17 (CI 95 % od 1,02 do 17,08) puta veća u odnosu na pse koje borave na otvorenom iskljuĉivo danju (P ˂ 0,05), a mogućnost invazije takvih pasa s D. immitis je ĉak 10,05 (CI 95% od 1,03 do 107,08) puta veća. Poznavanje prevalencije, prepoznavanje i definiranje riziĉnih ĉimbenika te kvantificiranje rizika preduvjetisu za definiranje i implementaciju strategija zdravstvene zaštite i provoĊenje preventivnih i kontrolnih mjera u cilju zaštite zdravlja kako pasa tako i ljudi. |
| Abstract (english) | Using epidemiological methods for detection and control of zoonoses is an important factor in public health. There are zoonoses which are not regularly controlled and about which there is no accurate data on their prevalence; these zoonoses pose a threat to human health. These zoonoses are: anaplasmosis, borreliosis, ehrlichiosis and dirofilariasis. Blood samples were collected from 29 asymptomatic dogs in 2015 in Istria and testedwith SNAP® 4Dx® Plus screening test and modified Knott test. In 29 dogs examined with the modified Knott test, dirofiralia was found in 15 (52%) dogs, and by usingSNAP® 4Dx® Plus screening test heartworms are established in 6 (21%) dogs. D. immitis is present in 40% of positive dogs. Analysis ofrisk factors such as breed, sex, age, keeping dogs outside all the time or just during the daytime, purpose of the dog and dog´s environment indicates that there is no significant difference in the occurrence of Dirofilaria between breed, sex and age.However, statistically significant differences are found indogs kept outside and considering dog´s purpose. The statistically significant difference is found between truffle dogs and hunting dogs.The prevalence in truffle dogs is 2.75 (CI 95% from 1,78 %up to 6,41 %) times higher than the prevalence in hunting dogs.Also, exposure to dirofilarasis in truffle dogs was 12.7 (CI 95% from 1,8 % up to 83,77 %) times bigger than that in hunting dogs (P ˂ 0.05).It turned out that regardless of the purpose of dogs, exposure to dirofilariasis in western Istria is higher if the dogs are keptfor a long time outdoor. By comparing two groups of dogs we found out that the prevalence of D. immitis in dogs who stayed 24 hours outside of a housewas 4,17 (CI 95% from 1,02 %up to 17,08 %) times higher than in dogs who stayed only outside during the day (P ˂ 0.05), and the possibility of the invasion of these dogs withD. immitisis even 10.05 (CI 95 % from 1,03 % up to 107,08 %) times higher. Knowledge about prevalence, identifying risks, defining risk factors and quantification of risk is a postulate for the definition and implementation ofanimal health strategies and the implementation of prevention and control measures in order to protect the health of both dogs and humans. |
