This paper presents the possession and its legal protection. Possession comes from the latin name "possessio" which means possession and it comes from the word "possidere" which means to possess. Possession is the legally relevant factual authority that a person has over a particular thing. For possession we say that the fact by which a particular thing is subjected to the relatively permanent authority of a particular person which is immediate and which acts absolutely. Subjects of law can also be subjects of possession, those are natural and legal persons. Possession can be acquired by all natural persons on all those things on which they can achieve and maintain de facto authority. Objects of possession can be things and rights. All things and all rights can not be objects of possession. When we speak of the object of things, only the present things can be possessed, while the future can't because the actual power can not be exercised over them. Things as an object of possession can be those things on which the right of ownership can be acquired. The objects of possession can't be all rights; voting rights, marital rights, parental rights and other rights can not be possessed. This means that non-traffic and non-property rights can not be owned.