The World Health Organization defines patient safety as "the prevention, correction and improvement of protection from unvanted events during the process of health care." Patient safety is one of the biggest challenges and imperatives in the health system because the quality of health care is reflected at the level of patient safety. Scrub nurses, in their daily work, mainly care about patient safety in the operating room environment,so that surgery would be safe for the patient and without complications. For a positive outcome of the treatment in the operating room, it is important to promote a positive organizational culture where the patient is at the center of interest, surrounded by medical professionals who update their expertise daily and achieve team collaboration. In a team environment which we cherish in neurosurgical hall, we believe that thinking, planning, decisions and actions are better when we work together, that is, that none of us is as good as all of us. The positive atmosphere, as the outcome of mutual respect, contributes to the reduction of stress and improves the safety of the patient. Surgical site infection in neurosurgical procedures, the most common complication, is a serious threat to the safety of the hospitalized patients. In fact, it can lead to serious complications that can cause severe neurological effects. One of the basic requirements of patient safety is education of all health care workers who are directly or indirectly involved in the treatment process. The system of training of health professionals in the operation must be adapted to technological progress and computerization, which enables the introduction of new operating procedures. We should not ignore the education of patients, because well-educated and informed patients make the best partners for healthcare workers in the process of treatment. The surgical checklist is one of the ways to improve patient safety in operating room. The application of the safety checklist for surgical procedures significantly improves the quality of treatment and by that, the outcome of the surgical procedure itself. To ensure safe practices in the neurosurgical operating room environment, it is necessary to work on the development of protocols which should maximally standardised all the applied medical procedures.