Sport has a big influence on preservation and advancement of children's health, as well as on their psychological development. It acts positively on muscular and skeletal development, improves motor skills, coordination and forming of child's personality. Children today engage in sports from an early age. As they grow they are more physically capable. Physical activity becomes more complex. Every physical activity carries along risk of unwanted consequences which should be prevented. Athletes are exposed to physical and psychological strain,for which they are not always prepared. Masticatory system as a functional unit has a big role in chewing food, swallowing and the pronunciation of sounds. It is because of this, it is very important to prevent damage to hard dental tissue in children,especially athletes. Damage of hard dental tissue can be divided into traumatic and non-traumatic damages. Traumatic damage mostly occur by the activity of mechanical force and more frequently in contact sports. In order to prevent this, it is recommended to use sport pads. The best type of protection is given by interdental, individually made pads. The most common non-traumatic types of hard dental tissue are dental erosion and dental caries/cavities. Dental erosion usually evolves as a consequence of consuming acid beverages and food, and spending time in the swimming pool with a high concentration of chlorine. Cavities occur as a consequence of consuming highly refined carbohydrates.