Rheumatic diseases are a group of different illnesses that mainly damage the locomotive system and share characteristics. Rheumatic diseases can be divided into four big groups: inflammatory rheumatism, degenerative rheumatism, extraarticular rheumatism, and bone and joint metabolic illnesses. Seronegative spondyloarthritis is a group of inflammatory rheumatic diseases which are divided into groups which share a lot of characteristics (clinical, radiological and genetical) and have similar pathogenic mechanisms of creation, therefore a similar way of treatment. Ankylosing spondylitis, reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, enteropathic arthritis and nondifferential arthritis are diseases that belong to seronegative spondyloarthritis. The goal of treating seronegative spondyloarthritis is reducing pain and inflammation with emphasis on preservation of function and stopping the development of serious contractures and deformities. The pain is intense, persistent and limiting. Ankylosing spondylitis is a systematic, progressive and inflammatory disease, which got its name because the pathological process evokes ankylosis, it leads to loss of joint mobility because of bone scaring inside a joint or calcification of surrounding ligaments. The first symptoms of illness occur in the age range of 20 to 40 years old. It is estimated that 80% of effected people experienced the first symptoms before the age of 30. Ethology is not entirely known, but there are many different factors that can influence the occurrence of the illness. The disease usually starts slowly and gradually, symptoms occur within a few weeks or months. Ankylosing spondylitis has two stages. As the disease progresses, the vertebrae fuse, which leads to stiffness of the spine and can lead to a disability. The diagnosis is established on the foundation of anamnesis, clinical picture, physical examination, laboratory and radiological findings. The New York diagnostic criteria helps determine a diagnosis. Ankylosing spondylitis is treated symptomatically; the goal is to diminish pain and inflammation and preserve the functionality of a patient. Treatment includes pharmacological and non-pharmacological part and can even lead to surgery. The treatment needs to start by educating the patient. Rehabilitation includes individual kinesitherapy, electrotherapy, balneotherapy, hydrotherapy, ultrasound and diathermy. Long-term consequences for people suffering from ankylosing spondylitis can vary and are hard to predict.