Cardiopulmonary diseases in sports are a serious problem with equally serious consequences for the health of athletes if they are not detected and treated in time. Due to the increased stress on the heart and the often untreated and not recognized pathologies, these conditions are common enough in sports to require urgent medical intervention, and they require not only knowledge of basic first aid measures, but also the selection of correct measures of initial care and assessment of the severity of the new condition health of athletes. Pathological changes within the heart muscle weaken the heart's ability to pump blood, leading to a series of hidden and undetected diseases. The most serious cardiac disease is acute myocardial infarction, and along with heart failure and heart defects, it is the most common cardiac condition that requires urgent medical intervention. Pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, aortic dissection and circulatory shock also require emergency medical interventions. Physiotherapists in sports play a key role not only as part of a sports team responsible for the treatment, rehabilitation and prevention of injuries, but also as health professionals trained in the knowledge and recognition of pathology and providing emergency medical aid to an injured athlete. Promotion of regular systematic examinations in the form of prevention and early detection of cardiopulmonary diseases and constant education of physiotherapists about cardiac diseases are key not only for the health of athletes, but also for the success of the entire team.