Nursing is a profession based on the provision of high quality health care, empathy, ethics and continuous education. Pain is a symptom that every oncology patient will experience sooner or later, and it is not something that can be easily avoided. The intensity and description of pain is different for each and every patient. Furthermore, it is important to approach each patient individually. There are numerous ways to treat, manage and aleviate pain, and they are closly descripted in the paper. Chronic pain in oncology patients is truly a challenge, so the emphasis is on learning how to live with the pain. Modern therapies combine behavioral and cognitive therapies to provide therapeutic approaches known as cognitive-behavioral therapy. Adequate treatment of pain requires good pain evaluation and dana collection. In children, pain is more difficult to verbalize, so gathering information about pain must be adapted to their age and understanding of the situation. The nurse has the obligation to help the patient maintain an optimal condition without pain or with minimal (tolerable) pain, without imposing interventions without patients consent. The main goals in the treatment of oncology patients are pain control, prolongation of life and improvement of quality of life. Healthcare workers have a moral obligation to provide patients with a basic understanding of the disease and analgesics and to create a healthcare plan together. The patient, his family, nurse, doctor, psychologist and other experts are included in the health care plan itself. When caring for a patient, the nurse must take into account all components of his life – physical, emotional, social and spiritual. Nurse communication is extremely important and vital for the health care process in order to create a relationship of trust between the patient, his family and the nurse.