It is important to emphasize that today the energy supply is a prerequisite for economic development and the living standards of population, and the development of the energy sector affects many industries. The importance of energy for economic activity and economic growth thus becomes unquestionable. Throughout its history of the energy sector Croatia has had its ups and downs, as it has had on every other level of the economy, so this sector has also been greatly affected by the political turmoil that has hitherto happened since the end of the World War 2. This was especially evident during Croatian independence movement and the Homeland War. Current financial crisis, which hit the whole world, has also been played a significant role on the energy market. Croatia has numerous opportunities in the energy sector, but they are bad or inadequately used. Non-renewable resources are becoming exhausted and there is need to slowly turn to renewable resources as there are many opportunities for them in Croatia, but they should be used in the right way. That is why it is important in this field to create high-quality energy management strategy that will allow more use of renewable resources in order to lower import of energy, but also to export it eventually so it could have an impact on the economic growth of the country. However, it is also important to do everything in order to provide high-quality sustainable development in the future and to protect the environment, i. e. all those natural resources and wealth that Croatia has.