Modern road traffic is the most developed and most important form of land traffic. It is characterized by the speed and the ramification of roadways and is optimal for door-to-door transport on shorter distances. This paper will present processes which occur during the road transport of perishable goods. Much of the food products are temperature-sensitive and require a certain temperature regime, which is why it is important to pay attention to these types of products as transport items so that their health safety and quality can be ensured. Biological, chemical, physical and other changes might occur during transportation and storing of such products, which could reduce their quality and thus their value. Therefore, every segment of the transport process is of great importance. The paper will also show the complexity of the process of transporting perishable goods. Road transport of perishable goods requires careful planning of all elements of the transportation process, with particular emphasis on the conditions which are set by the goods in the transport.