In the last decade, changes have appeared that have caused and restarted discussion on forms of money in the future. The share of cash in all transactions has fallen. Progress of information technology and its application in the fintech industry, such as the emergence of distributed ledger technology made it possible for cryptocurrencies (such as Bitcoin) to appear. Also, it allowed the development of many private forms of digital currencies. Given their potential to reach millions of users around the world, authorities are interested in how this can affect official currencies. As the result of rapid and potentially significant developments, central banks are considering the idea of creating digital currencies. Central bank digital currency (CBDC) is one of the new ideas in monetary economy aimed at making efficient, safe, and modern central bank’s money available to the general public and strengthen the resilience, availability and competitiveness of payments. This thesis examines the impact that development of information technology has had on the monetary system, from historical forms of money to the central bank digital currency and the potential advantages and disadvantages of introducing the central bank digital currency. As part of this thesis, a survey was conducted with analysis of the position on the introduction of the central bank digital currency. Examining the Croatian public's opinion on the introduction of central bank digital currencies was done using a questionnaire distributed over the Internet. Due to the high role of cash and other characteristics of the Croatian monetary system, the introduction of the central bank digital currency for Croatian citizens is still missing significant strategic and economic justification. Despite numerous studies, the implications of the deployment raise a multitude of questions that require further research.