The collective memory of victimization in the recent Croatian history is associated with the perception of the suffering experienced, which influences the forming of attitudes towards today's victims - refugees from the Middle East. In the recent years, Croatia has had a strategic position in the migrant crisis, which is the reason why the two groups come into contact. Previous surveys of Croats' attitudes towards refugees have shown divided opinions. We examined the role of the perceived suffering of Croats in the 1990s in taking prosocial or hostile attitudes towards today's refugees. The survey was conducted through an online survey and involved 313 participants. The results show that an inclusive victim consciousness of the suffering of refugees best predicts attitudes towards refugees, namely a greater willingness to help and a lower propensity to detain and criminalize refugees from the Middle East. On the other hand, the regional exclusive victim consciousness predicts the hostile attitudes well - the more inclined a person is to perceive the differences between the experiences of the two groups, the more they will advocate for the detention and criminalization of refugees. Inclusive regional victim consciousness did not prove to be predictive of attitudes towards refugees. Some demographic and psychosocial determinants correlate these attitudes - women, "leftists", highly educated and empathetic are more likely to take a prosocial stance, while men, "rightists" and the less empathetic tend to take a hostile stance. The centrality of victimization for the identity of the individual has not proved to be a significant determinant of these attitudes.