Title ZDRAVSTVENA NJEGA KARDIO KIRURŠKOG BOLESNIKA Title (english) HEALTHCARE OF CARDIAC PATIENT Author Danica Tomić Rajačić Mentor Vesna Čačić (mentor) Committee member Daniela Depolo (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Sanja Juretić (član povjerenstva) Committee member Vesna Čačić (član povjerenstva) Granter University of Rijeka Defense date and country 2018-11-15, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Medicinska sestra koja sudjeluje u liječenju kardiokirurškog pacijenta provodi preoperativnu i postoperativnu skrb o pacijentu. Zdravstvena njega se treba bazirati na dokazima i biti u skladu s politikom zdravstvene ustanove kako bi pacijent primio optimalnu njegu. Ukoliko je zahvat elektivan pacijent se dan prije zahvata zaprima na bolničko liječenje radi preoperativne pripreme. Procjena općeg stanja i ponašanja, dijagnostički testovi, fizička priprema (prestanak pušenja, optimiziranje tekućine i elektrolita, priprema gastrointestinalnog sustava, premedikacija, preveniranje duboke venske tromboze, priprema operacijskog polja) i psihička priprema bolesnika su neizostavni dijelovi preoperativne skrbi za pacijenta. Pacijenti kojima je kirurška intervencija potrebna hitno su pod većim rizikom perioperativnih komplikacija. Principi klasične preoperativne pripreme i skrbi o pacijentu bi trebali biti u najvećoj mogućoj mjeri slični kao i kod elektivnog zahvata, iako je to teško zbog vremenskog ograničenja. Svrha toga je održavanje visokog standarda skrbi i izbjegavanje propusta, naročito kod ranjivih skupina bolesnika kao što su pacijenti starije životne
U postoperativnom razdoblju se pacijent stabilizira i premješta na kardiokirurški odjel gdje se vodi zdravstvena njega s ciljem održavanja kardiovaskularnog, neurološkog, respiratornog statusa, bubrežne funkcije, ublažavanja boli i sprječavanja komplikacija. Komplikacije koje se mogu razviti postoperativno su šok, krvarenje, tamponada srca, infarkt miokarda, duboka venska tromboza, pneumonija, infekcija rane, vrućica, mučnina i povraćanje te konstipacija. Izrazito je važno da medicinska sestra na vrijeme uoči promjene u zdravstvenom stanju pacijenta koje dovode do razvoja komplikacija, kako bi se komplikacije mogle na vrijeme otkriti i liječiti.
Abstract (english) A nurse who participates in the treatment of a cardiac patient performs preoperative and postoperative patient care. Health care needs to be based on evidence and comply with the policy of a health institution to provide the patient’s optimal care. In case of elective surgery, patient comes to hospital one or two days before surgery for preoperative treatment. Assessment of general condition and behavior, diagnostic tests, physical preparation (smoking cessation, fluid and electrolyte optimization, preparation of gastrointestinal system, premedication, prevention of deep venous thrombosis, preparation of the field of operation) and psychological preparation of the patient are essential parts of preoperative care for the patient. Patients who are requiring surgical intervention urgently are at higher risk of perioperative complications. The principles of classical preoperative preparation and care should be as close as possible to elective surgery, although it is difficult because of time constraints. The purpose of this is to maintain a high standard of care and to avoid omission, especially in vulnerable groups of patients such as elderly patients. In the postoperative period, the patient is stabilized and moved to the cardiac surgery department where health care is provided to maintain cardiovascular status, neurological status, respiratory status, renal function, pain relieve and prevention of complications. Complications that can be developed are post-operative shock, bleeding, cardiac tamponade, myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, pneumonia, wound infection, fever, nausea, vomiting and constipation. It is extremely important to notice changes in a patient's health condition in time so complications can be detected and treated.
Keywords
preoperativna skrb
postoperativna skrb
zdravstvena njega
kardiokirurški pacijent
Keywords (english)
preoperative care
postoperative care
health care
cardiac patient
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:830791 Study programme Title: Professional study of nursing (Biomedicine and Healthcare; clinical medical sciences) Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Access restricted to students and staff of home institution Terms of use Repository Repository of the University of Rijeka, Faculty of Health Studies Created on 2019-04-09 08:24:23
