Title PRISILNO ZADRŽAVANJE I PRISILAN SMJEŠTAJ OSOBA SA DUŠEVNIM SMETNJAMA
Title (english) FORCED KEEPING AND FORCED ACCOMMODATION OF PEOPLE WITH MENTAL DISABILITIES
Author Ivana Protić
Mentor Radoslav Kosić (mentor)
Committee member Mirjana Manojlović (predsjednik povjerenstva)
Committee member Marija Bukvić (član povjerenstva)
Committee member Radoslav Kosić (član povjerenstva)
Granter University of Rijeka Faculty of Health Studies (Department of Midwifery) Rijeka
Defense date and country 2019-07-19, Croatia
Scientific / art field, discipline and subdiscipline BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Clinical Medical Sciences Nursing
Abstract Duševno zdravlje se može promatrati u okvirima subjektivnog blagostanja, percipiranu samoučinkovitost i autonomiju s kojom svaki čovjek može ostvariti svoj intelektualni i emocionalni kapacitet. Mentalni poremećaji su karakteristični po abnormalnostima u spoznaji, emocijama ili raspoloženju pri čemu pojedinac ne može funkcionirati na normalan način jer ga poremećaji ometaju u stvaranju racionalnih spoznaja. Oni su javnozdravstveni problem čitavog svijeta, a iz godine u godinu može se uočiti povećanje broja oboljelih. Oni se mogu podijeliti i razlikovati prema ozbiljnosti simptoma, trajanju i funkcionalnim oštećenjima. Neki od najpoznatijih su anksioznost, depresija, psihoze i poremećaji raspoloženja. Stigma bolesnika s duševnim bolestima je javna tajna pri čemu društvo reagira na temelju uvriježenih predrasuda što utječe na bolesnike koji se zbog takve percepcije ne žele prijaviti i potražiti pomoć. Prisilnu hospitalizaciju i liječenje bolesnika s duševnim poremećajima se treba shvatiti kao posljednji čin na kojeg se odlučuju najčešće bližnji bolesnika nakon što shvate kako mu oni ne mogu pružiti potrebnu pomoć. Radi se o širokoj primjeni različitih ovlasti kroz proces prisilne hospitalizacije pri čemu se jasno moralo utvrditi norme pristupanja kako bi se zaštitila osnovna ljudska prava pacijenta.
U RH je pitanje prisilne hospitalizacije i prisilnog liječenja određeno sa Zakonom o zaštiti osoba s duševnim smetnjama koji je na snagu stupio 2015. kao zamjena za zakon iz 90-ih godina i njegove izmjene iz 2002. godine. Na EU razini najvažnije stavke po ovom pitanju su definirane u Europskoj konvenciji o ljudskim pravima i temeljnim slobodama. Tako su i brojne zemlje svoje nacionalne pravne legislative izjednačile sa ovom Konvencijom. Osoba koja zadovoljava odgovarajuće kriterije može biti hospitalizirana kako bi psihijatar i medicinsko osoblje odredili dijagnozu i primjenili odgovarajući tretman. Prilikom prisilne hospitalizacije i liječenja javlja se etičko pitanje koliko je zapravo ovaj čin opravdan i narušava li se autonomija pacijenta ovakvim odlukama. Suicidalnost i nasilje kod pacijenata u prisilnoj hospitalizaciji je najčešće povezana sa povijesti prethodnih bolesti, genetskim predispozicijama i njihovim poremećajima. Preventivne metode koje se najčešće koriste su psihoobrazovni program, krizne kartice i program intervencija.
Abstract (english) Mental health can be observed within the framework of subjective well-being, perceived selfeffectiveness and autonomy with which every person can achieve their intellectual and emotional capacity. Mental disorders are characterized by abnormalities in knowledge, emotions, or mood, whereby an individual can not function normally because disturbances hinder the creation of rational cognition. They are the public health problem of the whole world, and year after year there may be an increase in the number of people affected. They can be divided and distinguished by severity of symptoms, duration, and functional impairment. Some of the most famous are anxiety, depression, psychosis, and mood disorder. The stigma of patients with mental illness is a public secret whereby society responds to the most common prejudices affecting patients who, because of that perception, do not want to report and seek help. Inadequate hospitalization and treatment of patients with mental disorders should be understood as the last act that most commonly concerned patients decide after they realize that they can not provide the necessary help. It is a widespread use of different powers through the process of forced hospitalization, which clearly has to establish access standards in order to protect the basic human rights of the patient
Croatia has a matter of forced hospitalization and forced treatment set out in the Act on the Protection of Persons with Mental Disabilities, which entered into force in 2015 as a replacement for the law of the 1990s and its 2002 amendments. At the EU level, the most important items on this issue are defined in the European Convention on Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. So many countries have aligned their national legislation with this Convention. A person who meets the appropriate criteria can be hospitalized to make the psychiatrist and medical staff diagnosed and apply the appropriate treatment. When compulsory hospitalization and treatment occurs, the ethical question is how far this act is justified and whether the autonomy of the patient is distorted by such decisions. Suicide and violence in patients undergoing forced hospitalization is most commonly associated with the history of previous diseases, genetic predispositions and their disorders. The most commonly used preventive methods are the psycho-educational program, the crisis card and the intervention program.
Keywords
mentalno zdravlje
mentalni poremećaji
prisilna hospitalizacija
pravna legislativa
etika
preventivne metode
Keywords (english)
mental health
mental disorders
forced hospitalization
legal legislation
ethics
preventive methods
Language croatian
URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:184:286000
Study programme Title: Professional study of nursing (Biomedicine and Healthcare; clinical medical sciences) Study programme type: professional Study level: undergraduate Academic / professional title: stručni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sestrinstva (stručni/a prvostupnik/prvostupnica (baccalaureus/baccalaurea) sestrinstva)
Type of resource Text
File origin Born digital
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Created on 2020-01-31 13:50:26