This thesis provides an overview of the anatomy of the orbit, pathophysiology, epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of orbital fractures. Orbital fractures are common injuries in the maxillofacial region. They most commonly occur in younger males and are frequently caused by physical assault, motor vehicle accidents, or sports-related injuries. There are two theories regarding the etiology of orbital fractures: the buckling theory and the hydraulic theory. Depending on the involvement of the orbital walls and orbital rims, orbital fractures can be classified as "pure" or "impure." In addition to isolated fractures, orbital fractures can also occur in complex fractures such as naso-orbito-ethmoid (NOE) fractures, zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures, or Le Fort fractures. The most common signs indicating an orbital fracture include periorbital edema, ecchymosis, and subconjunctival hemorrhage. During the diagnostic process, the most important diagnostic tool is a CT scan, and a detailed ophthalmological examination is also essential since fractures can potentially affect vision. The indications for surgical treatment, surgical approaches to fractures, and the choice of materials for reconstruction remain controversial. The indications for urgent surgical treatment include oculocardiac reflex, early enophthalmos or hypoglobus, and entrapment of extraocular muscles. The orbit can be accessed using classical or endoscopic approaches. The most commonly used classical approach is the transconjunctival approach. During orbital fracture surgery, the goal is to restore orbital volume to prevent later complications such as enophthalmos and diplopia. There are various materials available for reconstruction, with titanium mesh and porous polyethylene being the most commonly used. In recent times, custom-made implants tailored to the patient's specific needs have been increasingly utilized, and preoperative planning using preoperative CT scans, intraoperative navigation, and patient-specific implant fabrication are being employed more frequently.