Objective: To examine whether different anamnestic factors are more prevalent in pregnancies after assisted reproductive techniques (ART), to investigate whether pregnancies after ART increase the incidence of maternal and neonatal complications during pregnancy and childbirth and to compare it with a control (women who conceived naturally). Materials and Methods: Medical documentation of Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics has been collected and retrospectively analyzed in one year period (from January 1st, 2018 to December 31st, 2018). A survey was conducted on 231 subjects who conceived after ART and 4168 subjects of the control group who conceived naturally. This survey also includes newborns of all subjects. The observed variables were: mode of conception, maternal age, parity, number of fetuses, week of delivery, mode of delivery, birth weight, newborn’s trophicity, Apgar score, pH value, pathological conditions during pregnancy, usage of anaesthesia or other medication, the incidence of meconium stained amniotic fluid. Results: In the ART group pregnancy was mostly completed in a surgical way (P<0,001). In the same group planned cesarean deliveries were more often than emergency procedures (P=0,023). There is no difference concerning live-birth and sex of newborns between groups. Subjects of the ART group gave birth earlier than the control group (P<0,001), and consequently a greater number of SGA newborns belonged to that group (P<0,001). Majority of multiple pregnancies in this research were from the ART group (P<0,001). Subjects who conceived after ART were older than subjects who conceived naturally, but there is no difference in pregnancy outcomes concerning on maternal age (P>0,05 for all parameters). Women in ART group were mostly primiparae (P<0,001). These maternal complications are more often within ART group: gestational induced hypertension (P<0,001), HELLP (P=0,002), cholestasis (P=0,014), thrombophilias in pregnancy (P<0,001), hypothiroidism (P<0,001). Other complications which are more frequent in ART group are: oligohydramnios (P=0,019) and placental abruption (P=0,040). Women within ART group more often demanded epidural (P=0,020) and spinal (P<0,001) anaesthesia. Subjects from the same group less often needed labor induction, amniotomy (P<0,001) or drip (P<0,001). Incidence of meconium stained amniotic fluid was lower in ART group (P<0,025). Pregnancy outcomes in ART group don't depand on medical method (P>0,05 for all parameters). In subgroup consisted of 90 women vaginal delivery was more often than Caesarean section (P=0,047). Conclusions: Mothers who give birth after ART are elder than others. Pregnancies after ART are more likely to have maternal complications during pregnancy and delivery. They demand more intensive antenatal and perinatal care.