Objectives The aim of this study is to provide a comprehensive overview of scientific knowledge on the effects of the antimigrenic effect of butterbur - Petasites hybridus (L.) P. Gaertn., B. Mey. et Schreb. in order to draw relevant conclusions about their potential for therapeutic application. Materials and methods The research in this work is theoretical and involves a detailed review of the available professional and scientific data on the subject. Relevant bibliographic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect and Cochrane were searched. The collected data included clinical trials, which were then systematically presented. Results Migraine is a chronic disease that affects 12 % of the world's population as one of the most common neurological disorders. Despite the therapeutic possibilities and new scientific knowledge about the pathogenesis of this disease, no satisfactory results have yet been achieved in the treatment of migraine. There is a great need for preventive migraine treatment to reduce the frequency of attacks and prevent the progression of the disease, including the traditional use of natural products. Butterbur's effectiveness in preventing headaches and migraines is due to its anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effects. Petadolex® butterbur extract, from which the toxic alkaloid components have been removed, is the only one that has been clinically tested. The clinical studies carried out indicate great potential in the prophylaxis of migraine in children and adults, with a daily dose of 50 – 150 mg being safe. Conclusion Although the clinical evidence for the effects of butterbur is insufficient, traditional use and current scientific findings point to its great potential and encourage further clinical research.