Title Zdravstvena njega bolesnika sa urostomom Title (english) Nursing care patient with urostomy Author Maja Peša Mentor Marijana Neuberg (mentor)Committee member Tomislav Novinščak (predsjednik povjerenstva) Committee member Marijana Neuberg (član povjerenstva)Committee member Melita Sajko (član povjerenstva)Granter University North Defense date and country 2017-10-30, Croatia Scientific / art field, BIOMEDICINE AND HEALTHCARE Abstract Najčešći uzrok oboljenja mokraćnog mjehura je tumor. Tumor mokraćnog mjehura je nerijetka bolest današnjeg doba, sa tendencijom porasta. Dijagnostika i liječenje ovisi o samom bolesniku. Vanjski čimbenici koji uzrokuju tumor mokraćnog mjehura su: pušenje, loša prehrana, tjelesna neaktivnost, dok u unutarnje čimbenike spadaju: genetičke mutacije, poremećaj hormona i imunološko stanje. Uz današnju tehnologiju, liječenje tumora mokraćnog mjehura je zahvat koji je moguće obaviti operacijom, liječenje obuhvaća radijaciju, kemoterapiju, hormonalnu terapiju, imuno terapiju i lijekove. U Republici Hrvatskoj je 2008. godine zabilježeno 835 slučajeva. Rak prijelaznog epitela tri puta se češće javlja kod muškaraca. Prosječna dob bolesnika s rakom mokraćnog mjehura iznosi 65 godina. Najčešće se bolesnici javljaju sa pojavom krvi u mokraći (hematurijom, makrohematurijom ili mihrohematurijom), dijagnoza se postavlja na temelju citološkog pregleda urina, infuzijske urografije i cistografije koji pokazuju defekt punjenja, cistoskopija daje uvid u lokalni nalaz i omogućuje uzimanje nalaza za patohistološku obradu. Rendgenska snimka pluća, zdjelice i scintigrafija kosti služi za otkrivanje metastaza. Nakon obrade, liječenje započinje transuretralnom resekcijom mokraćnog mjehura i klasifikacijom tumora, nakon čega se bolesnik priprema za operaciju. Prijeoperacijska priprema obuhvaća prikupljanje potrebnih laboratorijskih pretraga, invazivne, neinvazivne pretrage, operaciju te poslijeoperacijski tijek u kojem je naglasak na prilagodbu bolesnika na novonastalu situaciju i novi stil života, život sa stomom po Brickeru. Razdoblje između postavljanje dijagnoze i operacije je kratko. Važnost i uloga medicinske sestre je da svojim znanjem i vještinom pomogne bolesniku i njegovoj obitelji u prilagodbi novonastale situacije. Većina bolesnika ima problema sa prihvaćenjem sebe i stome, jedna od uloga medicinske sestre nakon edukacije je revidiranje znanja bolesnika.
Abstract (english) The most common cause of diseases of the bladder is tumor. Tumors of the urinary bladder is a common disease of our time, with an increasing trend. Diagnosis and treatment depends on the patient. External factors that cause cancer of the bladder are: smoking, poor diet, physical inactivity, while the internal factors include: genetic mutations, hormone disorders and immunological status. With today's technology, the treatment of bladder cancer is a procedure that can be done by surgery, treatment includes radiation, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, immune therapy and medication. In Croatia, in 2008, recorded 835 cases. Cancer of the transitional epithelium three times more frequently in men. The average age of patients with bladder cancer is 65 years. Most often, patients occur with the appearance of blood in the urine (hematuria, gross hematuria or mihrohematurijom), the diagnosis is made on the basis of cytologic examination of urine, infusion urography and cystography showing defect filling, cystoscopy gives an insight into the local findings and allows taking the findings of histopathological processing. X-rays of the lungs, pelvis bone scintigraphy and is used to detect metastases. After the treatment, the treatment begins with transurethral resection of the bladder tumor classification, then the patient is prepared for surgery. Preoperative preparation includes gathering the necessary laboratory tests, invasive, non-invasive tests, surgery and postoperative course in which the emphasis is on the adjustment of patients to the new situation and a new lifestyle, a life with a stoma by Bricker. The period between diagnosis and surgery is short. The importance and role of nurses is that their knowledge and skills to help the patient and his family in adapting the new situation. Most patients have problems with the acceptance themselves and stoma, one of the roles of nurses after training is revising the knowledge of patients.
Keywords
tumor mokraćnog mjehura
transuretralna resekcija mokraćnog mjehura
stoma po Brickeru
Keywords (english)
bladder cancer
transurethral resection of the bladder
stoma by Bricker
Language croatian URN:NBN urn:nbn:hr:122:618282 Study programme Title: Nursing Type of resource Text File origin Born digital Access conditions Open access Terms of use Repository University North Digital Repository Created on 2017-11-06 12:17:54
