Obesity and stroke are major public health problems worldwide. Obesity is defined as a condition of excessive accumulation of fat tissue which can deteriorate health. Obesity is considered as an increase in body mass index ≥ 30,00 kg/m². The term stroke is considered as a suddenly incurred focal or rarely, a global loss of brain function/functions with symptoms which last longer than 24 hours or lead to death, and can be explained only by a brain circulation disorder or perfusion. There are more than 700 million obese adults in the world, while in Croatia a fifth of the population has a body mass index ≥ 30,00 kg/m². It is estimated that annually 17 million people in the world have suffered from a stroke, and 4 million people annually die from a stroke or its complications. A characteristic for both diseases is an increase of prevalence and a connection with the whole spectrum of different health conditions and complications. Moreover they cause significant losses for society, especially economic and social ones. Obesity represents a big burden for the health care system because of the numerous and serious complications caused by a stroke due to high mortality and disability of patients. Many studies have shown the existence of a clear connection between obesity and stroke. The relationship between these two conditions is very complex and includes different pathophyisiological mechanisms. Obesity can act as a primary risk factor and can directly cause stroke. Nevertheless obesity is a proinflammatory condition, and it is known that each condition of systemic inflammation increases the risk of atherosclerosis and thrombosis responsible for stroke. It may be associated with other risk factors such as hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, coronary heart disease, atrial fibrillation, migraine and sleep apnea. These conditions are just some of the numerous complications caused by obesity, but at the same time they are risk factors for stroke. In obesity associated with secondary risk factors, there is a synergical effect of two or more factors which increase the risk of stroke.