Pain, swelling and loss of function are common symptoms of Achilles tendon injury in athletes and non-athletes. The causes of Achilles tendon injury can be divided into two large groups: tendinopathies and ruptures. Tendinopathy describes the occurrence of pain and swelling within and/or around the Achilles tendon and also describes the reduction of function of the tendon. Depending on the location of the pathology, it can be insertional and noninsertional.The initial treatment of all forms of tendinopathy is nonoperative, aimed to relieve symptoms and modify the foot position with orthoses and improve flexibility, but if nonoperative treatment is unsuccessful the treatment can also be operative. The other large group of injuries are Achilles tendon ruptures, which can be complete or partial and acute or chronic. In most cases, ruptures occur during sports activities and the treatment can also be operative and nonoperative. Rehabilitation, which includes physical therapy, is a form of treatment used as part of nonoperative treatment or after an operation to restore the patientʼs tendon function. There are various rehabilitation protocols used in the treatment of tendinopathy and rupture of the Achilles tendon and they differ depending on whether they are used preoperatively or postoperatively. Physical therapy modalities and therapeutic exercises are part of the rehabilitation program, and their combination is important for achieving faster and better recovery. The rehabilitation program usually takes a long time and, in the case of Achilles tendon injury, it can last from 6-12 weeks up to 6-12 months. Since there are various rehabilitation protocols and in some areas of treatment consensus has not been reached, it is necessary to monitor the patientʼs progress and modify the rehabilitation program accordingly.