Perioperative hypotension (PH) is a form of hypotension associated with the surgical and anesthesiological intervention and is characterized by a decrease in mean arterial pressure in the perioperative period. In that sense, PH can be further subdivided into preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative hypotension. PH is a relatively common complication during surgical procedures. It is caused by decreased cardiovascular competence in patients with cardiovascular disease, intraoperative blood loss, anaphylaxis, and, partly, as a consequence of cardiodepressive anesthetic drugs during anesthetic procedures. PH can lead to serious complications and negatively affect the morbidity and mortality rate in the postoperative period. The purpose of this thesis is to consider the incidence, etiology, different approaches to managing PH and to give insight into the diagnostic process of this condition. Furthermore, it is important to reflect on the potential risks of postoperative complications in certain patient populations which could lead to prolonged hospital stay, increased rate of intrahospital postoperative infections, greater financial burden on the healthcare system and increased rate of mortality. Intraoperative PH early-detection and prevention models will also be briefly mentioned.