Music has always been an essential part of human life and culture. Children react to music even before birth, and they develop interest and appreciation of musical content throughout their lives. Since the environment in which a child grows up has the strongest influence on the development of the child's musical aptitude, people who surround the child directly should possess a degree of musical competence. Those people are the child's parents, but also teachers and educators. The aim of this thesis is to present the importance of music in children's lives and its use in elementary school education, as well as the significance of competent teaching in Music classes – in order to improve educational practice within the musical field of work. The research comprised 60 students in the junior and senior years of the Faculty of Teacher Education in Rijeka, along with 76 primary teachers from the region. A Questionnaire on the Teacher's Assessment of Competences in Teaching Music in Primary School has been used to measure teachers' standpoints on the matter, and a Questionnaire on the Student's Assessment of (Personal) Competences in Teaching Music Gained during Training in the Faculty of Teacher Education served to assess students' viewpoints. Both students and teachers recognize the value of musical competence and music itself in an educational context, but they warn against the failings in teachers' formal learning regarding teaching of Music. Quantitative analysis indicates differences in the views on teacher's competences between students and teachers.