The last decade has been marked by significant progress in science and technology. Systems biology and "omics" are modern technologies that have enabled a holistic approach to research in numerous scientific fields, including the field of human-food interaction. By using these tools, various synthetic biological systems can be displayed very precisely, which are used as a substitute for research on living cells. In this thesis, the research was focused on carbohydrate metabolism in hepatocytes. CellDesigner version 4.4.2 and WR Mathematica 10.0 were used to design the metabolism model. The results showed the high efficiency of the computer simulation for the analysis of glucose metabolism. The mathematical model not only provides insight into the behavior of metabolites under different conditions, but also enables the development of personalized nutrition for the prevention and remission of type 2 diabetes, as well as the development of drugs with targeted action. It is precisely the Mediterranean and ketogenic diets that represent good bases for optimizing nutrition for the purpose of glycemic regulation. Furthermore, the analysis of global parametric sensitivity enables the detection and analysis of the key points of the model.